Biography of Marquis de Sade Novels, Crimes, Sadism

The Marquis de Sade (born Donatien Alphonse Franà §ois de Sade; June 2, 1740—December 2, 1814) was infamous for his sexually charged writings, his revolutionary politics, and his life as one of France’s most notorious libertines. His writing often focused on violent sexual practices, and his name gives us the word sadism, which refers to pleasure derived from inflicting pain. Fast Facts: Marquis de Sade Full Name:  Donatien Alphonse Franà §ois de SadeKnown For:  Sexually graphic and violent writings, charges of blasphemy and obscenity, and a reputation as one of Frances most notorious libertines.Born:  June 2, 1740 in Paris, FranceDied:  December 2, 1814 in Charenton-Saint-Maurice, Val-de-Marne, FranceParents’ Names:  Jean Baptiste Franà §ois Joseph, the Count de Sade, and  Marie Elà ©onore de Maillà © de Carman Early Years Donatien, born in Paris in June 1740, was the only surviving child of Jean Baptiste Franà §ois Joseph, the Count de Sade and his wife, Marie Elà ©onore. Jean Baptiste, an aristocrat who served as a diplomat in the King Louis XV’s court, abandoned his wife while their son was very young, and Donatien was sent off to be educated by his uncle after Marie Elà ©onore joined a convent. The uncle apparently allowed young Donatien to be raised by servants who catered to his every whim, and the child developed a mean streak. He was described as spoiled and willful, and at the age of six beat another boy so severely that there was some question as to whether the victim would ever fully recover. By the time Donatien was ten, the uncle, an abbot in the south of France, had had enough. He sent his nephew back to Paris for schooling at a Jesuit institution. Once enrolled at the Lycà ©e Louis-le-Grand, Donatien misbehaved frequently, and received frequent punishments. In particular, the school used flagellation as a deterrent for poor behavior. Later, Donatien would become preoccupied with this practice. By the age of fourteen, he was sent to a military school, and as a young man, he fought in the Seven Years War. Despite his absence from his son’s life, the Count de Sade was anxious to find Donatien a wealthy wife to help solve the family’s financial problems. At 23, Donatien married Renà ©e-Pà ©lagie de Montreuil, the daughter of a well-to-do merchant, and built a castle, the Chà ¢teau de Lacoste, in Provence. A few years later, the Count passed away, leaving Donatien the title of Marquis.   Corbis via Getty Images / Getty Images Scandal and Exile Even though he was married, the Marquis de Sade developed a reputation as the worst sort of libertine. At one point, he had a very public affair with his wife’s sister, Anne-Prospà ¨re. He frequently sought out the services of prostitutes of both sexes, and had a tendency to hire and subsequently abuse very young servants, both male and female. When he forced one prostitute to include a crucifix in their sexual activity, she went to the police, and he was arrested and charged with blasphemy. However, he was released shortly thereafter. Over the next few years, other prostitutes filed complaints about him, and the court eventually exiled him to his castle in Provence. In 1768, he was arrested again, this time for imprisoning a chambermaid, whipping her, cutting her with a knife, and dripping hot candle wax into her wounds. She managed to escape and reported the attack. Although his family managed to buy the woman’s silence, there was enough of a social scandal that de Sade opted to stay out of the public eye after the incident.   A few years later, in 1772, de Sade and his manservant, Latour, were accused of drugging and sodomizing prostitutes, and the two of them, along with Anne-Prospà ¨re, fled to Italy. De Sade and Latour were sentenced to death, in absentia, and managed to stay a few steps ahead of the authorities. De Sade later rejoined his wife at Chà ¢teau de Lacoste. At the chà ¢teau, de Sade and his wife imprisoned five women and one man for six weeks, a crime for which he was eventually arrested and imprisoned. Although he was able to get the death sentence lifted in 1778, he remained incarcerated, and over the next few years, he was transferred to various prisons, including the Bastille, and an insane asylum. The remains of Chateau LaCoste. J Boyer / Getty Images Writings During his various imprisonments, de Sade began to write. His first work, Les 120 Journà ©es de Sodome, or 120 Days of Sodom: The School of Libertinage, was written during his incarceration at the Bastille. The novel related the story of four young noblemen who move to a castle where they can abuse, torture, and eventually kill the harem of prostitutes they hold captive. De Sade believed the manuscript to be lost during the storming of the Bastille, but the scroll on which it was written was later discovered hidden in the walls of his cell. It was not published until 1906, and was banned in numerous countries for its graphic sexual violence and portrayals of incest and pedophilia. In 1790, free once more, de Sade—whose wife had finally divorced him—began a relationship with a young actress, Marie-Constance Quesnet. They lived together in Paris, and de Sade became politically active, supporting the new regime that was in place following the French Revolution of the previous year.  He was even elected to public office, joining the National Convention as part of the radical far left. He wrote several inflammatory political pamphlets; however, his position as an aristocrat made him vulnerable with the new government, and in 1791, he was imprisoned for three years after he was critical of Maximilien Robespierre. Once again, de Sade began writing sexually violent fiction, and his novels Justine and Juliette, which he published anonymously, created an uproar. Justine, written in 1791, is the story of a prostitute who is subjected to repeated rapes, orgies, and torture on her quest to find a virtuous life. Juliette, the follow-up novel published in 1796, is the tale of Justine’s sister, a nymphomaniac and murderer, who is perfectly happy to live a life devoid of virtue. Both novels are critical of theology and the Catholic Church, and in 1801, Napoleon Bonaparte ordered the arrest of the anonymous author. Portrait of de Sade by Pierre-Eugà ¨ne Vibert. Heritage Images/Getty Images / Getty Images Institutionalization and Death De Sade was sent to prison again in 1801. Within a few months, he was accused of seducing young prisoners, and in 1803, he was declared to be insane. He was sent to Charenton Asylum, after Renà ©e-Pà ©lagie and their three children agreed to pay for his maintenance. Meanwhile, Marie-Constance pretended to be his wife, and was permitted to move into the asylum with him.   The asylum’s director allowed de Sade to organize theatrical plays, with other inmates as actors, and this went on until 1809, when new court orders sent de Sade into solitary confinement. His pens and paper were taken from him and he was no longer allowed to have visitors. However, despite these rules, de Sade managed to maintain a sexual relationship with the fourteen-year-old daughter of one of Charenton’s staff members; this lasted for the final four years of his life. On December 2, 1814, the Marquis de Sade died in his cell at Charenton; he was buried at the asylums cemetery. Legacy Following his death, de Sades son burned all of his fathers unpublished manuscripts, but there are still dozens of writings —novels, essays, and plays — available to modern scholars. In addition to giving us the word sadism, de Sade also left behind a legacy of existential thought; many philosophers credit him with using violence and sexuality to create imagery that demonstrates mans capacity for both good and evil. It is believed that his work had significant influence on the writings of nineteenth-century philosophers like like Flaubert, Voltaire, and Nietzsche. Sources Feay, Suzi. â€Å"Who Was the Marquis De Sade Really?†Ã‚  The Telegraph, Telegraph Media Group, 16 July 2015.Gonzalez-Crussi, F. â€Å"The Dangerous Marquis de Sade.†Ã‚  The New York Times, The New York Times, 27 Mar. 1988.Lichfield, John. â€Å"Marquis De Sade: Rebel, Pervert, Rapist...Hero?†Ã‚  The Independent, Independent Digital News and Media, 14 Nov. 2014.Perrottet, Tony. â€Å"Who Was the Marquis De Sade?†Ã‚  Smithsonian.com, Smithsonian Institution, 1 Feb. 2015.

HuntingtonS Disease . Our Bodies And The Functions Of

Huntington s Disease Our bodies and the functions of our body parts work in cohesion. Some systems include but not limited too cardiovascular, urinary, respiratory, digestive, endocrine, reproductive, and most importantly the nervous system. The central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system consist of all the nerves that branch off of the brain and spinal cord. With those systems we have the sensory division and the motor division also stemming from those we have the somatic and autonomic nervous system. For all these systems to work together in unison are cells called neurons. Neurons structure includes the cell body, dendrites which picks up messages and the axons which send†¦show more content†¦In a journal called Huntington s Disease, by Joyce Free, she states that H.D. is an inherited degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. 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The Perks of Being a Wallflower Novel Analysis Free Essays

Worksheet: Novel analysis Title: The Perks of Being a Wallflower Author: Stephen Chbosky Genre: Epistolary novel Nationality: American The publication year: 1999 Information about the author: Stephen Chbosky was born January 25th in 1970. He is an American writer and film director, and is best known for The Perks of Being a Wallflower. Stephen was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. We will write a custom essay sample on The Perks of Being a Wallflower Novel Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now He is of Polish, Slovak, Irish and Scottish descent. Chbosky graduated in 1988 from Upper St. Clair High School. The story: The narrator of the novel is a teenage boy by the alias Charlie. He tells his story through a series of letters he writes to an anonymous â€Å"friend† he heard about at school and thought would be a nice person to write to, based on the fact that he or she reportedly hadn’t slept with someone at a party despite having the opportunity to do so. Charlie explains his fears, problems joys and secrets to this stranger. The story starts by Charlie telling about his anxieties about starting High School the next day. He tells about how his life has been after one of his friends committed suicide, and after his favourite aunt, Helen, died. Charlie is a socially awkward boy. He doesn’t really know how to interact with people his age. He is what we call a â€Å"Wallflower†; someone who’s always on the side, observing others, never being in the centre of things. While struggling with insecurities, friendships and his family, a couple of High school seniors, Patrick and Sam, befriend him, and brings him into their little group. His new friends expose him to a new world of sex, drugs, love, patries, death, relationships, friendship, lying, and culpability. Throughout the novel, Charlie is changed from an innocent wallflower whose life was digging his ose in books, to an adventurous person who learns that life should be lived not watched. A sub story to what happens in this book is also that Charlie’s teacher from advanced English class keeps assigning him books to read and then write reports on. He only does this with Charlie. (Being a â€Å"wallflower†: an ability to observe from the sideline and understand things. ) I thi nk the theme of this book is that active participation is better than passive, and that you should live your life and participate and pursue your dreams rather than stand on the sidelines and watch the action. This story also covers topics like adolescence, drug use etc. Some quotes to support my opinion of the theme: â€Å"Do you always think this much Charlie? † â€Å"Is that bad? † â€Å"Not necessarily, It’s just that sometimes people use thought to not participate in life. † â€Å"Is that bad? † â€Å"Yes. † â€Å"Maybe these are my glory days, and I’m not even realizing it because they don’t involve a ball. † I liked this novel a lot because it portrays the confusion of being a teenager, the stigma of being â€Å"weird† and â€Å"different† than others, how the things that happen to us during childhood have a way of never leaving us and because it tells us that life is to be spent living, not dreaming of it. How to cite The Perks of Being a Wallflower Novel Analysis, Essay examples